Search results for "History of physics"
showing 10 items of 65 documents
Photon Scattering Off Nuclei
2018
The study of nuclear and subnuclear structure by means of photon scattering is outlined. Besides a brief exposition of the formalism a few illustrative examples are discussed.
Improved Method for Orbital Elements Differential Correction.
1990
As was pointed out by IAU in 1976, an important problem in fundamental astronomy is the improvement of the vernal equinox and equator positions. To this aim, it is necessary to know the accurate values of minor planets orbital elements. The classical methods of orbital elements differential corrections are based on linking the observations at different epochs considering equal derivatives respect to the initial and osculating elements. In this paper we present an improved method in which the least squares matrix coefficients is calculated from the integration of the Lagrange planetary equations and its derivatives.
Pulling Harriot Out of Newton’s Shadow: How the Norwegian Outsider Johannes Lohne Came to Contribute to Mainstream History of Mathematics
2016
The focus of this paper is on the peculiarities of Lohne ’s “outsider approach” to the historiography of mathematics and physics. The main thesis is that the circumstances of Lohne ’s outsider position both narrowed down and sharpened the focus of his research, but that he succeeded because he joined the then rising tide of archival based and content oriented internalist research in the history of physics and mathematics and because he was supported by scholars such as D.T. Whiteside and J.E. Hofmann , whose connections to the international community were better than his own. The main conclusions are based on Lohne ’s Nachlass in Oslo and on some other archival sources. In addition Lohne ’s…
L'epistolario ritrovato. Le lettere “napoletane” di Baldassarre Boncompagni a Gilberto Govi.
2016
In questa nota forniamo il testo di numerose lettere inviate dallo storico della matematica Baldassarre Boncompagni al fisico e storico della fisica Gilberto Govi. Queste lettere erano conservate presso il Dipartimento di Matematica ed Applicazioni “Renato Caccioppoli” dell’Università di Napoli Federico II. Esse attualmente devono essere considerate disperse. Il testo allora è tratto da alcune fotografie ritrovate tra le carte dello storico della matematica Franco Palladino recentemente scomparso
Quantum Field Theory
2018
Quantum field theory (QFT) shares many of its philosophical problems with quantum mechanics. This applies in particular to the quantum measurement process and the connected interpretive problems, to which QFT contributes hardly any new aspects, let alone solutions. The question as to how the objects described by the theory are spatially embedded was already also discussed for quantum mechanics. However, the new mathematical structure of QFT promises new answers, which renders the spatiotemporal interpretation of QFT the pivotal question. In this chapter, we sketch the mathematical characteristics of QFT and show that a particle as well as a field interpretation breaks down.
Ideas in the History of Nano/Miniaturization and (Quantum) Simulators: Feynman, Education and Research Reorientation in Translational Science
2015
Cultural history of nanominiaturization, computing, quantum computing and simulating is necessary to comprehend human character and place it in the whole of living beings. Ideas in the history of physics by Feynman, etc. are valued by the questions that generate. A series of questions, answers and hypothesis introduces the nature of the history of nanominiaturization, providing facts. Nanotechnology adds a third dimension to the periodic table of the elements. Thinking about computers was useful. It must do with learning computers possibilities and physics potential. Provisional conclusions follow. (1) Nature (space–time) is not classical but discrete; quantization is a different kind of ma…
On the dynamics of non-local fractional viscoelastic beams under stochastic agencies
2018
Abstract Non-local viscoelasticity is a subject of great interest in the context of non-local theories. In a recent study, the authors have proposed a non-local fractional beam model where non-local effects are represented as viscoelastic long-range volume forces and moments, exchanged by non-adjacent beam segments depending on their relative motion, while local effects are modelled by elastic classical stress resultants. Long-range interactions have been given a fractional constitutive law, involving the Caputo's fractional derivative. This paper introduces a comprehensive numerical approach to calculate the stochastic response of the non-local fractional beam model under Gaussian white no…
The HypHI project at GSI and FAIR
2008
Even though both experimental and theoretical activities on hypernuclear physics have been extended by a number of international projects, direct measurements on hypernuclear magnetic moments and studies of hypernuclei at extreme isospins have never been performed. The international HypHI collaboration proposes to perform hypernuclear spectroscopy with stable heavy ion beams and rare isotope beams at GSI and FAIR in order to study neutron and proton rich hypernuclei and to measure directly hypernuclear magnetic moments. The project is divided into four phases. In the first Phase 0 experiment, the feasibility of precise hypernuclear spectroscopy with heavy ion beams will be demonstrated by o…
Production of hypernuclei in peripheral relativistic ion collisions
2013
Within a dynamical and statistical approach we study the main regularities in production of hypernuclei coming from projectile and target residues in relativistic ion collisions. We demonstrate that yields of hypernuclei increase considerably above the energy threshold for Lambda hyperons, and there is a saturation for yields of single hypernuclei with increasing the beam energy up to few TeV. Production of specific hypernuclei depend very much on the isotopic composition of the projectile, and this gives a chance to obtain exotic hypernuclei that may be difficult to reach in traditional hypernuclear experiments. Possibilities for the detection of such hypernuclei with planned and available…
A linear approach for the nonlinear distributed parameter identification problem
1991
In identifying the nonlinear distributed parameters we propose an approach, which enables us to identify the nonlinear distributed parameters by just solving linear problems. In this approach we just need to identify linear parameters and then recover the nonlinear parameters from the identified linear parameters. An error estimate for the finite element approximation is derived. Numerical tests are also presented.